Holding procedures

Standard holding pattern uses right-hand turns unless the published procedure or ATC specifies left-hand turns.
Standard bank angle: 25°, or the rate giving a 3°/second turn, whichever requires the lesser bank.
Outbound leg timing: 1 minute at or below 14 000 ft; 1.5 minutes above 14 000 ft.
Entry technique (direct, teardrop, or parallel/offset) depends on the aircraft's inbound heading relative to the holding course.
Maintain the last assigned altitude/level and the speed limit for the aircraft category unless otherwise cleared by ATC.
A holding clearance normally specifies: the fix, direction to hold from it, inbound track, DME distances (if holding on DME), the altitude/level to maintain, and an Expect Further Clearance (EFC) or Expect Approach Clearance (EAC) time.
"Shuttling" — climbing or descending in a hold-like pattern — is used in mountainous terrain, when a descent of more than 2000 ft is needed on an initial/intermediate segment, or when required descent rates exceed normal racetrack/reversal design limits.
If no further clearance arrives, hold on the inbound track at your last cleared point until the EFC/EAC time, using right-hand turns unless published otherwise; if you can't reach ATC, apply the communication-failure procedure.

Source: ICAO Doc 8168 (PANS-OPS) – Holding procedures

IFR