Circling approach (visual manoeuvring)

An extension to an instrument approach: visually manoeuvring to land on a runway other than the one the approach was flown to, or the same runway when a straight-in isn't possible (offset more than 30°).
The circling area is built from arcs drawn off each runway threshold joined by tangents, sized for aircraft category, speed, a 25 kt wind assumption, and an average 20° (or Rate 1, whichever is less) bank angle.
If you need more than 30° of bank to stay within the circling area, go around and set up again rather than tightening the turn.
Circling minima are expressed as visibility, not RVR, and are limiting for approach-ban purposes whenever circling is required.
Fly slightly above the MDA (about 50 ft) while circling, but remember you are still below a normal visual circuit height — and configure for the missed approach before reaching MDA, since the whole point of circling is that the weather is marginal.
If not published, a circling height can be approximated as 300 ft above the highest obstacle within 5 NM of the aerodrome (provided that is at least 500 ft AGL); a rough circling visibility in metres is your circuit speed in knots × 20.
Losing visual reference at any point means an immediate missed approach: initial turn toward the landing runway, then establish on the published missed approach track.

Source: ICAO Doc 8168 (PANS-OPS) Vol I, Part I, Section 4, Ch. 7 – Circling approach

IFR